Co-Founder and Managing Partner

Giugi Carminati is a space lawyer, business attorney, evolutionary biologist, an SDI/TDI and PADI diving instructor, as well as a trimix rebreather diver with experience at 300+ feet. 

 Dr. Carminati has been an attorney since 2008. She brings operational and legal oversight to C2Space Tech LLC. Dr. Carminati is a certified eDiscovery specialist and legal project manager. She earned an LLM in Space, Cyber & Telecommunications Law as well as a JSD in Space Law. In 2018, Dr. Carminati published a treatise on mitigating liability for personal injuries incurred as a result of commercial human space operations as well as numerous papers on the space industry. She has presented on these topics throughout the US and taught a course on the business of commercial space at the University of Houston Law Center. In 2023, Dr. Carminati earned a Bachelor's in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology from the University of Colorado-Boulder. She is currently working on her Ph.D. focused on hybridization and conservation genetics at the same institution.

Dr. Carminati was a litigator from 2008 to 2021, during which she worked in Big Law, in a plaintiffs' trial boutique, as a Managing Attorney in a civil rights law firm, and as a Supervising Attorney in a family law firm. Dr. Carminati also founded and ran a domestic violence advocacy family law firm, The Woman's Lawyer, from 2017 to 2021. In 2022, Dr. Carminati joined the financial sector as a Vice President of Business Development for a litigation finance company. Since then, Dr. Carminati has completed the Foundations of Venture Capital at Columbia Business School and VC University with Berkeley Law School. Dr. Carminati is an entrepreneur and an astute legal mind, with a knack for managing complex multi-dimensional projects with distributed teams.

Dr. Carminati twice served as the International Institute of Space Law observer for the UN Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, Legal Subcommittee. She was also the founding President of the ABA's Space Law Committee. She was the administrative manager for the medical support team on the StratEx Space Dive Project, which resulted in a new high-altitude exit freefall record of 135,890 feet, reaching Mach 1.22 at 822 miles per hour in 2014. Dr. Carminati speaks French, English, Italian, and Spanish. She is licensed in California, Colorado, Texas, New York, and DC.

Dr. Carminati can be reached at giugi@c2space.tech

Co-Founder and Partner

Jon Clark's expertise and knowledge in high-consequence medicine is unparalleled. Dr. Clark, a seasoned veteran with a vast array of qualifications in various military and aerospace roles, has dedicated a significant portion of his career to serving the U.S. Navy and NASA. He accrued extensive experience during his military tenure, including roles such as a naval flight officer, naval flight surgeon, U.S. Navy diver, U.S. Army parachutist, and special forces military freefall parachutist. His diverse assignments encompassed leadership positions in a research centrifuge facility, an aeromedical department at a Marine aviation squadron, and key divisions at the Naval Aerospace Medical Institute, namely Neurology and Hyperbaric Medicine. Dr. Clark also participated in combat medical evacuation missions during Operation Desert Storm with the U.S. Marine Corps.

Following his military service, Dr. Clark transitioned to NASA Johnson Space Center, where his roles included serving as a Space Shuttle Crew surgeon on six missions, leading the Medical Operations Branch, and acting as a senior Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) aeromedical examiner (AME). He further contributed to NASA as a member of the Spacecraft Survival Integrated Investigation Team from 2004 to 2007 and as a member of the NASA Constellation Program EVA Systems Project Office Standing Review Board from 2007 to 2010. Dr. Clark also served as a Space Medicine Advisor for the National Space Biomedical Research Institute from 2005 to 2017.

In 2008, Dr. Clark's expertise extended to the high Canadian Arctic, where he served as an expedition physician for the Haughton Mars Project on Devon Island. He held the position of chief medical officer for Excalibur Almaz, a commercial space company, from 2007 to 2012, and continued in a similar capacity for the Inspiration Mars Foundation starting in 2013. Dr. Clark's leadership was pivotal in the Red Bull Stratos project, which achieved a historic stratospheric freefall parachute jump from 127,852 feet, reaching supersonic speeds (Mach 1.25) at 843 miles per hour on October 14, 2012, without a drogue chute. From 2017 to 2020 he was on the US Navy Clinical Case Review Panel to address the On Board Oxygen Generator (OBOGS) Physiologic Episodes.

Subsequently, Dr. Clark took on a lead flight surgeon and medical advisor role for the StratEx Space Dive project. He continues to provide valuable consultation to commercial space companies like Virgin Galactic, SpaceX, and Space Perspective. Dr. Clark holds board certifications in neurology and aerospace medicine and is recognized as a fellow of the Aerospace Medical Association. His professional interests revolve around studying the neurological effects of extreme environments, fostering crew resilience, and enhancing crew survival capabilities in the realm of space exploration.

Dr. Clark can be reached at jon@c2space.tech